After the requirement of workability is over, this excess water will eventually evaporate leaving capillary pores in the concrete. These pores result into high permeability and less strength in the concrete. Therefore, workability and high strength don’t go together as their requirements are contradictory to each other.
Vacuum concrete is the effective technique used to overcome this contradiction of opposite requirements of workability and high strength. With this technique both these are possible at the same time.
In this technique, the excess water after placement and compaction of concrete is sucked out with the help of vacuum pumps. This technique is effectively used in industrial floors, parking lots and deck slabs of bridges etc. The magnitude of applied vacuum is usually about 0.08 MPa and the water content is reduced by upto 20-25%. The reduction is effective upto a depth of about 100 to 150 mm only.
Technique and Equipments for Vacuum Concrete:
The main aim of the technique is to extract extra water from concrete surface using vacuum dewatering. As a result of dewatering, there is a marked reduction in effective water-cement ratio and the performance of concrete improves drastically. The improvement is more on the surface where it is required the most.Mainly, four components are required in vacuum dewatering of concrete, which are given below:
- Vacuum pump
- Water separator
- Filtering pad
- Screed board vibrator
Fig. 1: Vacuum dewatering of concrete
Advantages of vacuum concreting:
- Due to dewatering through vacuum, both workability and high strength are achieved simultaneously.
- Reduction in water-cement ratio may increase the compressive strength by 10 to 50% and lowers the permeability.
- It enhances the wear resistance of concrete surface.
- The surface obtained after vacuum dewatering is plain and smooth due to reduced shrinkage.
- The formwork can be removed early and surface can be put to use early.
Fig. 2: Effect of vacuum dewatering of concrete
The
advantages of dewatering are more prominent on the top layer as
compared to bottom layer as shown in fig. 2 above. The effect beyond a
depth of 150mm is negligible.
Thanks for this nice article. Vacuum Concrete plays a vital role in resurfacing. I am really curious about it.
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